After contact with certain substances, some individuals may experience an allergic reaction known as contact dermatitis (der-muh-TIGH-tihs). This usually produces a red or swollen, irritated rash on the skin, though it may cause small, itchy bumps called hives. Many different compounds, both natural and synthetic, can cause reactions, with plants like poison ivy, poison oak, and sumac (SUE-mack) being common culprits. Some people may react to pesticides, synthetic fabrics, glues and resins, certain cosmetic ingredients, and metals like nickel or gold. Others may find that they can't tolerate perfumes and dyes. Most allergic rashes are mild and can be relieved with a topical product such as calamine (CAL-uh-mine) lotion, corticosteroid (kor-tih-koh-STEER-oid) creams or tablets, or antihistamines. Avoid scratching the area and keep it moist by applying a mild, non-perfumed lotion. A few allergies, however, can cause a life- threatening reaction in which the throat may swell shut and blood pressure can drop dangerously low. Latex rubber allergies fall into this category, and for those at risk, symptoms can arise instantly. If an allergic reaction includes signs like swelling of the tongue, lips, or face; dizziness; or difficulty breathing, seek emergency care immediately.
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