Are DEET insect repellents safe to use during pregnancy?

With Zika infections on the rise, health officials are urging people to use mosquito repellents and this includes products that contain DEET. 

But are these safe for pregnant women? 

Repellent chemicals that have been registered with the Environmental Protection Agency, also known as the EPA, have indeed been approved for pregnant women. And this includes DEET. 

The EPA says a product is not allowed on the market unless a safety evaluation has been done and it's found to be safe.

Question:  What exactly is DEET?

DEET is a colorless liquid with a faint odor.  It was developed by the US Army in 1946 to protect soldiers from insect-infested areas.  It’s been used by the general public since 1957 to protect people from mosquitoes, biting flies, fleas and small flying insects.

Question: Have there been any studies on DEET and pregnant women?

There have been a few studies of the effects of DEET on pregnant mothers and their children.  One study found insect repellent containing 20 percent DEET that was used daily during the second or third trimester was safe for both mother and baby.

Question: DEET-based products come in different concentrations – why is that?

DEET-based products are available in concentrations ranging from five to 100 percent. The higher number just means the product will last longer.  Five percent DEET lasts about an hour and 30 percent DEET lasts up to eight hours.

Partha’s RX for Insect Repellent Safety:

1. Whatever repellent you choose, follow the directions. The most important thing is to use the repellent the way it’s intended to be used.
2. Don’t use repellents over cuts, wounds or irritated skin. Otherwise you may feel a burning sting.
3. Don’t spray repellent on skin that’s under clothing. Some people have had adverse reactions.  Instead, apply it to your clothing as directed by the product label.
4. If a Rash or Other Reaction Occurs, Stop Using the Repellent Wash it off with mild soap and water.  And see your doctor or call a local poison control center for guidance.

Question: How do we know if the product is EPA approved?

Look for an EPA registration number on the product label. It means the company provided EPA with the technical information on the effectiveness of the products. 

The EPA or the government doesn't endorse products but you can also find a product list on the CDC’s website.